diff --git a/backend/services/docker-compose.2.0-snapshot.yml b/backend/services/docker-compose.2.0-snapshot.yml
index a1188db4..3a30bb83 100644
--- a/backend/services/docker-compose.2.0-snapshot.yml
+++ b/backend/services/docker-compose.2.0-snapshot.yml
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ services:
     environment:
       - NODE_ENV=production
       - APP_PORT=3199
-      - DATABASE_URL=file:./data/snapshot.db
+      - DATABASE_URL=file:/app/data/snapshot.db
       # PostgreSQL-2 (备份目标)
       - PG_HOST=postgres-2
       - PG_PORT=5432
diff --git a/backend/services/docker-compose.snapshot.yml b/backend/services/docker-compose.snapshot.yml
index 195cd727..eaef2537 100644
--- a/backend/services/docker-compose.snapshot.yml
+++ b/backend/services/docker-compose.snapshot.yml
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ services:
     environment:
       - NODE_ENV=production
       - APP_PORT=3099
-      - DATABASE_URL=file:./data/snapshot.db
+      - DATABASE_URL=file:/app/data/snapshot.db
       # PostgreSQL (备份目标)
       - PG_HOST=postgres
       - PG_PORT=5432
diff --git a/backend/services/snapshot-service/.env.development b/backend/services/snapshot-service/.env.development
index 8dbf26ad..fc061d79 100644
--- a/backend/services/snapshot-service/.env.development
+++ b/backend/services/snapshot-service/.env.development
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 NODE_ENV=development
 APP_PORT=3099
 DATABASE_URL="file:./data/snapshot.db"
+# Docker 部署时 docker-compose 覆盖为绝对路径: file:/app/data/snapshot.db
 
 # PostgreSQL (被备份目标)
 PG_HOST=localhost
diff --git a/backend/services/snapshot-service/Dockerfile b/backend/services/snapshot-service/Dockerfile
index ccd4b02e..33a35af5 100644
--- a/backend/services/snapshot-service/Dockerfile
+++ b/backend/services/snapshot-service/Dockerfile
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ COPY package*.json ./
 RUN npm ci
 
 COPY prisma ./prisma/
-RUN DATABASE_URL="file:./data/snapshot.db" npx prisma generate
+RUN DATABASE_URL="file:/app/data/snapshot.db" npx prisma generate
 
 COPY . .
 RUN npm run build
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ COPY package*.json ./
 RUN npm ci --only=production
 
 COPY prisma ./prisma/
-RUN DATABASE_URL="file:./data/snapshot.db" npx prisma generate
+RUN DATABASE_URL="file:/app/data/snapshot.db" npx prisma generate
 
 COPY --from=builder /app/dist ./dist