docs(admin-web): 添加 Nginx 完整安装脚本和文档
- install.sh: 从零开始的一键安装脚本 (系统更新、Nginx、Certbot、SSL) - README.md: 详细的手动安装步骤和常用命令 🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code) Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
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# Nginx 配置说明
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## 快速部署
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### 前提条件
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1. 一台 Ubuntu/Debian 服务器
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2. 域名 `rwaadmin.szaiai.com` 的 DNS A 记录已指向服务器 IP
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3. 防火墙开放 80 和 443 端口
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### 一键安装
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```bash
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# 1. 上传项目到服务器
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scp -r ./admin-web user@server:/opt/
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# 2. SSH 登录服务器
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ssh user@server
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# 3. 运行 Nginx 安装脚本
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cd /opt/admin-web/nginx
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sudo chmod +x install.sh
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sudo ./install.sh
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```
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## 手动安装步骤
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### 1. 安装 Nginx 和 Certbot
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```bash
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sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y
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sudo apt install -y nginx certbot python3-certbot-nginx
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```
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### 2. 配置防火墙
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```bash
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sudo ufw allow 'Nginx Full'
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sudo ufw allow OpenSSH
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sudo ufw enable
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```
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### 3. 创建 Nginx 配置
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```bash
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# 复制配置文件
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sudo cp rwaadmin.szaiai.com.conf /etc/nginx/sites-available/rwaadmin.szaiai.com
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# 启用站点
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sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/rwaadmin.szaiai.com /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/
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# 删除默认站点 (可选)
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sudo rm /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default
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# 测试配置
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sudo nginx -t
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```
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### 4. 申请 SSL 证书
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```bash
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# 创建验证目录
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sudo mkdir -p /var/www/certbot
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# 先创建临时 HTTP 配置用于验证
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# (或使用 certbot --nginx 自动配置)
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# 申请证书
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sudo certbot certonly --webroot -w /var/www/certbot -d rwaadmin.szaiai.com
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# 或使用 Nginx 插件自动配置
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sudo certbot --nginx -d rwaadmin.szaiai.com
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```
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### 5. 重载 Nginx
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```bash
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sudo nginx -t && sudo systemctl reload nginx
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```
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## 证书管理
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### 查看证书
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```bash
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sudo certbot certificates
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```
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### 手动续期
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```bash
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sudo certbot renew
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```
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### 测试续期
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```bash
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sudo certbot renew --dry-run
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```
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### 自动续期
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Certbot 会自动创建 systemd timer 进行证书续期：
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```bash
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# 查看 timer 状态
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sudo systemctl status certbot.timer
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# 查看续期日志
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sudo journalctl -u certbot
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```
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## 常用命令
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```bash
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# Nginx 状态
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sudo systemctl status nginx
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# 启动/停止/重启
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sudo systemctl start nginx
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sudo systemctl stop nginx
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sudo systemctl restart nginx
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# 重载配置 (不中断服务)
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sudo systemctl reload nginx
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# 测试配置语法
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sudo nginx -t
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# 查看访问日志
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sudo tail -f /var/log/nginx/rwaadmin.szaiai.com.access.log
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# 查看错误日志
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sudo tail -f /var/log/nginx/rwaadmin.szaiai.com.error.log
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```
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## 文件结构
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```
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nginx/
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├── README.md # 本文档
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├── install.sh # 一键安装脚本
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├── setup-ssl.sh # SSL 配置脚本
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└── rwaadmin.szaiai.com.conf # Nginx 站点配置
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```
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## 故障排除
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### 1. 证书申请失败
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- 确认域名 DNS 已正确解析到服务器 IP
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- 确认 80 端口可访问
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- 检查 `/var/www/certbot` 目录权限
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### 2. 502 Bad Gateway
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- 确认 Docker 容器正在运行: `docker ps`
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- 确认应用监听 3000 端口: `curl localhost:3000`
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### 3. 证书过期
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```bash
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# 手动续期
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sudo certbot renew --force-renewal
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sudo systemctl reload nginx
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```
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#!/bin/bash
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# RWADurian Admin Web - Nginx 完整安装脚本
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# 适用于全新 Ubuntu/Debian 服务器
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set -e
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DOMAIN="rwaadmin.szaiai.com"
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EMAIL="admin@szaiai.com" # 修改为你的邮箱
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APP_PORT=3000
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# 颜色
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RED='\033[0;31m'
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GREEN='\033[0;32m'
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YELLOW='\033[1;33m'
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BLUE='\033[0;34m'
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NC='\033[0m'
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log_info() { echo -e "${BLUE}[INFO]${NC} $1"; }
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log_success() { echo -e "${GREEN}[SUCCESS]${NC} $1"; }
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log_warn() { echo -e "${YELLOW}[WARN]${NC} $1"; }
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log_error() { echo -e "${RED}[ERROR]${NC} $1"; }
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# 检查 root 权限
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check_root() {
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if [ "$EUID" -ne 0 ]; then
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log_error "请使用 root 权限运行: sudo ./install.sh"
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exit 1
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fi
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}
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# 步骤 1: 更新系统
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update_system() {
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log_info "步骤 1/6: 更新系统包..."
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apt update && apt upgrade -y
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log_success "系统更新完成"
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}
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# 步骤 2: 安装 Nginx
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install_nginx() {
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log_info "步骤 2/6: 安装 Nginx..."
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apt install -y nginx
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systemctl enable nginx
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systemctl start nginx
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log_success "Nginx 安装完成"
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}
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# 步骤 3: 安装 Certbot
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install_certbot() {
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log_info "步骤 3/6: 安装 Certbot..."
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apt install -y certbot python3-certbot-nginx
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log_success "Certbot 安装完成"
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}
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# 步骤 4: 配置 Nginx (HTTP)
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configure_nginx_http() {
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log_info "步骤 4/6: 配置 Nginx (HTTP 临时配置用于证书申请)..."
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# 创建 certbot webroot 目录
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mkdir -p /var/www/certbot
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# 创建临时 HTTP 配置
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cat > /etc/nginx/sites-available/$DOMAIN << EOF
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# 临时 HTTP 配置 - 用于 Let's Encrypt 验证
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server {
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listen 80;
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listen [::]:80;
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server_name $DOMAIN;
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# Let's Encrypt 验证目录
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location /.well-known/acme-challenge/ {
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root /var/www/certbot;
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}
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# 临时代理到应用
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location / {
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proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:$APP_PORT;
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proxy_http_version 1.1;
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proxy_set_header Host \$host;
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proxy_set_header X-Real-IP \$remote_addr;
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proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For \$proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
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proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto \$scheme;
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}
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}
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EOF
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# 启用站点
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ln -sf /etc/nginx/sites-available/$DOMAIN /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/
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# 删除默认站点 (可选)
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rm -f /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default
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# 测试并重载
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nginx -t && systemctl reload nginx
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log_success "Nginx HTTP 配置完成"
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}
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# 步骤 5: 申请 SSL 证书
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obtain_ssl_certificate() {
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log_info "步骤 5/6: 申请 Let's Encrypt SSL 证书..."
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# 检查域名解析
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log_info "检查域名 $DOMAIN 解析..."
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if ! host $DOMAIN > /dev/null 2>&1; then
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log_warn "无法解析域名 $DOMAIN，请确保 DNS 已正确配置"
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log_warn "继续尝试申请证书..."
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fi
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# 申请证书
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certbot certonly \
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--webroot \
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--webroot-path=/var/www/certbot \
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--email $EMAIL \
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--agree-tos \
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--no-eff-email \
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-d $DOMAIN
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log_success "SSL 证书申请成功"
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}
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# 步骤 6: 配置 Nginx (HTTPS)
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configure_nginx_https() {
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log_info "步骤 6/6: 配置 Nginx (HTTPS)..."
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# 复制完整的 HTTPS 配置
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cat > /etc/nginx/sites-available/$DOMAIN << 'NGINX_CONF'
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# RWADurian Admin Web Nginx 配置
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# 域名: rwaadmin.szaiai.com
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# HTTP 重定向到 HTTPS
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server {
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listen 80;
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listen [::]:80;
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server_name rwaadmin.szaiai.com;
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# Let's Encrypt 验证目录
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location /.well-known/acme-challenge/ {
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root /var/www/certbot;
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}
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# 重定向到 HTTPS
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location / {
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return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
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}
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}
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# HTTPS 配置
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server {
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listen 443 ssl http2;
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listen [::]:443 ssl http2;
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server_name rwaadmin.szaiai.com;
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# SSL 证书 (Let's Encrypt)
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ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/rwaadmin.szaiai.com/fullchain.pem;
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ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/rwaadmin.szaiai.com/privkey.pem;
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# SSL 配置优化
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ssl_session_timeout 1d;
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ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:50m;
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ssl_session_tickets off;
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# 现代加密套件
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ssl_protocols TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
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ssl_ciphers ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:ECDHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384;
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ssl_prefer_server_ciphers off;
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# HSTS
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add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=63072000" always;
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# 日志
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access_log /var/log/nginx/rwaadmin.szaiai.com.access.log;
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error_log /var/log/nginx/rwaadmin.szaiai.com.error.log;
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# Gzip 压缩
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gzip on;
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gzip_vary on;
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gzip_proxied any;
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gzip_comp_level 6;
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gzip_types text/plain text/css text/xml application/json application/javascript application/rss+xml application/atom+xml image/svg+xml;
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# 安全头
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add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN" always;
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add_header X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff" always;
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add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block" always;
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add_header Referrer-Policy "strict-origin-when-cross-origin" always;
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# 反向代理到 Docker 容器
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location / {
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proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:3000;
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proxy_http_version 1.1;
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proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
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proxy_set_header Connection 'upgrade';
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proxy_set_header Host $host;
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proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
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proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
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proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
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proxy_cache_bypass $http_upgrade;
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# 超时设置
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proxy_connect_timeout 60s;
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proxy_send_timeout 60s;
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proxy_read_timeout 60s;
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}
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# 健康检查端点
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location /api/health {
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proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:3000;
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proxy_http_version 1.1;
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proxy_set_header Host $host;
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proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
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access_log off;
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}
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# 静态资源缓存
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location /_next/static {
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proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:3000;
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proxy_http_version 1.1;
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proxy_set_header Host $host;
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add_header Cache-Control "public, max-age=31536000, immutable";
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}
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}
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NGINX_CONF
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# 测试并重载
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nginx -t && systemctl reload nginx
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log_success "Nginx HTTPS 配置完成"
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}
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# 配置证书自动续期
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setup_auto_renewal() {
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log_info "配置证书自动续期..."
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# Certbot 会自动创建 systemd timer 或 cron job
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# 测试续期
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certbot renew --dry-run
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log_success "证书自动续期已配置"
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}
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# 配置防火墙
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configure_firewall() {
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log_info "配置防火墙..."
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if command -v ufw &> /dev/null; then
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ufw allow 'Nginx Full'
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ufw allow OpenSSH
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ufw --force enable
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log_success "UFW 防火墙已配置"
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else
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log_warn "未检测到 UFW，请手动配置防火墙开放 80 和 443 端口"
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fi
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}
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# 显示完成信息
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show_completion() {
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echo ""
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echo -e "${GREEN}========================================${NC}"
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echo -e "${GREEN} 安装完成!${NC}"
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echo -e "${GREEN}========================================${NC}"
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echo ""
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echo -e "访问地址: ${BLUE}https://$DOMAIN${NC}"
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echo ""
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echo "常用命令:"
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echo " 查看 Nginx 状态: systemctl status nginx"
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echo " 重载 Nginx: systemctl reload nginx"
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echo " 查看证书: certbot certificates"
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echo " 手动续期: certbot renew"
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echo " 查看日志: tail -f /var/log/nginx/$DOMAIN.access.log"
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echo ""
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}
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# 主函数
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main() {
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echo ""
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echo "============================================"
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echo " RWADurian Admin Web - Nginx 安装脚本"
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echo " 域名: $DOMAIN"
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echo "============================================"
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echo ""
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check_root
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update_system
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install_nginx
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install_certbot
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configure_firewall
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configure_nginx_http
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echo ""
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log_warn "请确保以下条件已满足:"
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echo " 1. 域名 $DOMAIN 的 DNS A 记录已指向本服务器 IP"
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echo " 2. Docker 应用已在端口 $APP_PORT 运行"
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echo ""
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read -p "是否继续申请 SSL 证书? (y/n): " confirm
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if [ "$confirm" = "y" ] || [ "$confirm" = "Y" ]; then
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obtain_ssl_certificate
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configure_nginx_https
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setup_auto_renewal
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show_completion
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else
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log_info "已跳过 SSL 配置，当前为 HTTP 模式"
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log_info "稍后可运行: certbot --nginx -d $DOMAIN"
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fi
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
main "$@"
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue