diff --git a/backend/services/identity-service/src/infrastructure/external/sms/sms.service.ts b/backend/services/identity-service/src/infrastructure/external/sms/sms.service.ts
index a6c82985..5977f692 100644
--- a/backend/services/identity-service/src/infrastructure/external/sms/sms.service.ts
+++ b/backend/services/identity-service/src/infrastructure/external/sms/sms.service.ts
@@ -12,6 +12,21 @@ export interface SmsSendResult {
   message?: string;
 }
 
+// 重试配置
+const RETRY_CONFIG = {
+  maxRetries: 3, // 最大重试次数
+  baseDelay: 1000, // 基础延迟 1 秒
+  maxDelay: 5000, // 最大延迟 5 秒
+  retryableErrors: [
+    'ConnectTimeout',
+    'ReadTimeout',
+    'ETIMEDOUT',
+    'ECONNRESET',
+    'ECONNREFUSED',
+    'ServiceUnavailable',
+  ],
+};
+
 @Injectable()
 export class SmsService implements OnModuleInit {
   private readonly logger = new Logger(SmsService.name);
@@ -68,7 +83,7 @@ export class SmsService implements OnModuleInit {
   }
 
   /**
-   * 发送验证码短信
+   * 发送验证码短信（带重试机制）
    *
    * @param phoneNumber 手机号码（支持国际格式，如 +86xxx）
    * @param code 验证码
@@ -99,61 +114,141 @@ export class SmsService implements OnModuleInit {
       };
     }
 
-    try {
-      const sendSmsRequest = new $Dysmsapi20170525.SendSmsRequest({
-        phoneNumbers: normalizedPhone,
-        signName: this.signName,
-        templateCode: this.templateCode,
-        templateParam: JSON.stringify({ code }),
-      });
+    // 带重试的发送
+    return this.sendWithRetry(normalizedPhone, code);
+  }
 
-      const runtime = new $Util.RuntimeOptions({
-        connectTimeout: 10000, // 连接超时 10 秒
-        readTimeout: 10000, // 读取超时 10 秒
-      });
-      const response = await this.client.sendSmsWithOptions(
-        sendSmsRequest,
-        runtime,
-      );
+  /**
+   * 带重试机制的短信发送
+   */
+  private async sendWithRetry(
+    phoneNumber: string,
+    code: string,
+  ): Promise<SmsSendResult> {
+    let lastError: any = null;
 
-      const body = response.body;
-      const result: SmsSendResult = {
-        success: body?.code === 'OK',
-        requestId: body?.requestId,
-        bizId: body?.bizId,
-        code: body?.code,
-        message: body?.message,
-      };
+    for (let attempt = 0; attempt <= RETRY_CONFIG.maxRetries; attempt++) {
+      try {
+        if (attempt > 0) {
+          // 指数退避延迟
+          const delay = Math.min(
+            RETRY_CONFIG.baseDelay * Math.pow(2, attempt - 1),
+            RETRY_CONFIG.maxDelay,
+          );
+          this.logger.log(
+            `[SMS] 第 ${attempt} 次重试，延迟 ${delay}ms...`,
+          );
+          await this.sleep(delay);
+        }
 
-      if (result.success) {
-        this.logger.log(
-          `[SMS] 发送成功: requestId=${result.requestId}, bizId=${result.bizId}`,
-        );
-      } else {
-        this.logger.error(
-          `[SMS] 发送失败: code=${result.code}, message=${result.message}`,
+        const result = await this.doSendSms(phoneNumber, code);
+
+        if (result.success) {
+          if (attempt > 0) {
+            this.logger.log(
+              `[SMS] 重试成功 (第 ${attempt} 次): requestId=${result.requestId}`,
+            );
+          }
+          return result;
+        }
+
+        // 业务错误（如频率限制）不重试
+        if (!this.isRetryableError(result.code || '')) {
+          return result;
+        }
+
+        lastError = new Error(result.message || 'SMS send failed');
+        (lastError as any).code = result.code;
+      } catch (error: any) {
+        lastError = error;
+
+        // 检查是否是可重试的错误
+        if (!this.isRetryableError(error.message || error.code || '')) {
+          this.logger.error(`[SMS] 不可重试错误: ${error.message}`);
+          return {
+            success: false,
+            code: error.code || 'UNKNOWN_ERROR',
+            message: error.message || '短信发送失败',
+          };
+        }
+
+        this.logger.warn(
+          `[SMS] 发送失败 (尝试 ${attempt + 1}/${RETRY_CONFIG.maxRetries + 1}): ${error.message}`,
         );
       }
-
-      return result;
-    } catch (error: any) {
-      this.logger.error(`[SMS] 发送异常: ${error.message}`, error.stack);
-
-      // 解析阿里云错误
-      if (error.code) {
-        return {
-          success: false,
-          code: error.code,
-          message: error.message || '短信发送失败',
-        };
-      }
-
-      return {
-        success: false,
-        code: 'UNKNOWN_ERROR',
-        message: error.message || '短信发送失败',
-      };
     }
+
+    // 所有重试都失败
+    this.logger.error(
+      `[SMS] 发送失败，已重试 ${RETRY_CONFIG.maxRetries} 次: ${lastError?.message}`,
+    );
+    return {
+      success: false,
+      code: lastError?.code || 'RETRY_EXHAUSTED',
+      message: `短信发送失败，已重试 ${RETRY_CONFIG.maxRetries} 次: ${lastError?.message || '未知错误'}`,
+    };
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 实际发送短信
+   */
+  private async doSendSms(
+    phoneNumber: string,
+    code: string,
+  ): Promise<SmsSendResult> {
+    const sendSmsRequest = new $Dysmsapi20170525.SendSmsRequest({
+      phoneNumbers: phoneNumber,
+      signName: this.signName,
+      templateCode: this.templateCode,
+      templateParam: JSON.stringify({ code }),
+    });
+
+    const runtime = new $Util.RuntimeOptions({
+      connectTimeout: 15000, // 连接超时 15 秒
+      readTimeout: 15000, // 读取超时 15 秒
+    });
+
+    const response = await this.client!.sendSmsWithOptions(
+      sendSmsRequest,
+      runtime,
+    );
+
+    const body = response.body;
+    const result: SmsSendResult = {
+      success: body?.code === 'OK',
+      requestId: body?.requestId,
+      bizId: body?.bizId,
+      code: body?.code,
+      message: body?.message,
+    };
+
+    if (result.success) {
+      this.logger.log(
+        `[SMS] 发送成功: requestId=${result.requestId}, bizId=${result.bizId}`,
+      );
+    } else {
+      this.logger.error(
+        `[SMS] 发送失败: code=${result.code}, message=${result.message}`,
+      );
+    }
+
+    return result;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 检查是否是可重试的错误
+   */
+  private isRetryableError(errorInfo: string): boolean {
+    return RETRY_CONFIG.retryableErrors.some(
+      (retryable) => errorInfo.includes(retryable),
+    );
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 睡眠函数
+   */
+  private sleep(ms: number): Promise<void> {
+    return new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, ms));
   }
 
   /**